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Ọ bụrụ n’ịkwụsị Sustain LA na mbido 2020, ị ga-ahụ ọtụtụ ngwaahịa enyi na enyi, ụlọ na-adigide na ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye.Mpempe nri ndị a kpụchara akpụ, bọọlụ ihicha ajị anụ, brọsh eze bamboo, floss vegan — ihe niile ị ga-emecha mechaa kwụsị mmekọrịta gị na-egbu egbu site na iji rọba eji eme otu ihe.Ọ ka mma n'oge karịa mgbe ọ bụla, nri?
Ogige ụlọ mara mma nke Highland Park bụ ọkachamara n'ahịa na-ere ere n'ezie na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa (n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ihe anyị na-azụta).Obi adịghị ama gị ikpe ma ọ bụrụ na ijighị ihe mkpofu gị niile n'otu mkpọ.Ebumnuche ebe a abụghị ka ndị mmadụ tụfuo ihe, kama iji nyere anyị aka ibelata oke ihe mkpofu anyị na-emepụta.Ọrụ a dị mkpa ugbu a dịka ọ dị tupu COVID-19.Mana ibi ndụ na-enweghị ihe mkpofu enweela nnukwu ihe ndọghachi azụ ka ọrịa na-efe efe machibidoro ibubata akpa nke gị n'ụlọ ahịa nri yana akpa abụọ maka mbupụ.
Ọ bụ ezie na plastik a na-eji otu eme ihe adịghị mma karịa ihe ndị ọzọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe, ọtụtụ ndị na-azụ ahịa na-eche banyere mgbasa nke ọrịa na-eji ha ọzọ.(Anyị na-ewepu ngwa nchedo onwe onye dị ka ihe mkpuchi na ọta ihu.) N'oge okpomọkụ gara aga, ụfọdụ ezinụlọ US mepụtara ihe mkpofu 50% karịa tupu ntiwapụ COVID-19.
Ịhụnanya rọba n'ime America ọ ga-abụ ịhụnanya dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ alụmdi na nwunye dị ogologo?Oge ga-egosi.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụlọ ahịa ihe mkpofu efu ka na-anwa inyere anyị aka ịkwụsị àgwà plastik.
Sustain LA onye nchoputa Leslie Campbell enweghị ike ịkọ ọdịnihu, mana ọ maara na ngwa ahịa ụlọ ahịa ya agbanweela nke ukwuu n'ime afọ.
Ụlọ ahịa ahụ ka na-ere arịa achara na ahịhịa igwe anaghị agba nchara, mana "ahịa ndị ahụ agbadala ngwa ngwa," Campbell kwuru."Ihe nchacha aka, ihe ncha akwa na ihe nhicha aka, enwere ọtụtụ ahịa ugbu a."
Iji nabata mgbanwe a, Campbell, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị nwe ụlọ ahịa organic ndị ọzọ, ga-emegharị usoro azụmahịa ha n'oge ndekọ.
Tupu oria ojoo a, Sustain LA nyere ebe a na-ere mmanụ n'ime ụlọ ebe ndị ahịa nwere ike ibubata arịa ndị enwere ike iji rụọ ọrụ (ma ọ bụ zụta na mpaghara) wee weghachite na ndị na-ehicha gburugburu ebe obibi, ncha, shampoos na lotions.Ha nwekwara ike zụta ihe ndị a na-emegharịgharị ma ọ bụ ihe na-emebi emebi dị ka ahịhịa ahịhịa na brọsh eze.Sustain LA na-agbazinyekwa ngwa ugegbe, ndị na-enye ihe ọṅụṅụ, ihe nri nri na ebe a na-egbu nri iji nyere ndị ahịa aka ibelata ihe mkpofu mmemme.
Campbell kwuru, "Site na mgbazinye, anyị enweela oge ezumike mmiri na ọkọchị na-arụ ọrụ na ndị di na nwunye anyị akagbuola ma ọ bụ gbanwee atụmatụ."
Ọ bụ ezie na akwụsịre ịzụ ahịa n'ime ụlọ ahịa mgbe Los Angeles County nyere iwu ọnụnọ n'ụlọ mbụ ya n'etiti ọnwa Maachị, Sustain LA kwere ka ọ na-emeghe n'ihi na ọ na-ere ihe ndị dị mkpa dị ka ncha na ncha akwa.
"Anyị nwere chioma.Anyị nọrọ ọtụtụ ụbọchị ịtụ ahịa site na ekwentị, na-ese foto niile ma mepụta ụlọ ahịa dị n'ịntanetị, "ka o kwuru.
Campbell rụnyere sistemu ntụtụ na-enweghị mmetụ n'ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala nke ụlọ ahịa ahụ, na-ebuga ihe dị ka ncha na ncha n'ime arịa enyo nwere ike ijigharị nke ndị ahịa nwere ike ịlaghachi maka nkwụnye ego.Ndị otu ya agbasawanyela ọrụ nnyefe ma belata ụgwọ mbupu.Ha na Ngalaba Ahụike Ọha na Los Angeles na-arụ ọrụ, na ka ọ na-erule August, e nyere ndị ahịa ikike iweghachite arịa Campbell dị ọcha n'ime ụlọ ahịa maka nsị na imeju.
N'ihu ụlọ ahịa ahụ esiwo n'ụdị ngwaahịa organic mara mma gaa n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe.Campbell na ndị ọrụ ya bụ mmadụ asatọ na-eweta ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ihe mkpofu dabere na arịrịọ ndị ahịa.N'elu ndepụta a bụ ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu nwamba mere site na catnip na ajị anụ.Ọbụna nwamba nwere ike ịgwụ ike na kwarantaini.
Campbell kwuru, "Anyị emela obere ndozi n'ụzọ.Mgbazinye ego maka obere ihe omume malitere ịrị elu n'oge ọkọchị na ọdịda, mana ọ nọgidere na-akwụsị mgbe enyechara iwu ebe obibi ọhụrụ na Nọvemba.Dịka nke Disemba 21, Sustain LA ka na-emeghe maka mweghachi ụlọ ahịa na ọrụ ndị ahịa, mana ọ bụ naanị maka ndị ahịa abụọ n'otu oge.Ha na-aga n'ihu na-enye ọrụ nnyefe na-enweghị kọntaktị na n'èzí.Na ndị ahịa na-abịa.
Na mpụga ọrịa a, kemgbe Sustain LA meghere na 2009, ebumnuche Campbell bụ ime ka ọ dịrị ndị mmadụ mfe iwepụ rọba, mana ọ dịbeghị mfe.
Na 2018, US na-emepụta ihe dị ka nde tọn 292.4 nke mkpofu siri ike nke ime obodo, ma ọ bụ 4.9 pound kwa onye kwa ụbọchị.N'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga, ọkwa nke imegharị ihe na mba anyị agbanweela na ọkwa 35%.N'iji ya tụnyere, ọnụ ọgụgụ imegharị ihe na Germany dị gburugburu 68%.
Darby Hoover, onye isi ọrụ enyemaka na National Resource Defence Council kwuru, sị: “Dịka obodo, anyị adịghị mma n'ịrụgharị ihe."Anyị anaghị eme nke ọma."
Ọ bụ ezie na ebulila ụfọdụ mmachi - ụlọ ahịa nri California alaghachila n'iji akpa eji emegharị ihe, ọbụlagodi na ị ga-eji ha buru ihe oriri nke gị - mmepụta ihe mkpofu plastik na-abawanye na mba ahụ.Oghere ọnụ ụlọ pro-plastic na-erigbu ọrịa a na nchegbu ya gbasara usoro ịdị ọcha iji gbochie mmachibido plastik tupu COVID-19.
Tupu Covid-19, ọgụ megide rọba na US na-aga n'ihu, steeti ka amachibidoro ihe eji eme otu ihe dị ka akpa nri rọba.N'ime afọ iri gara aga, ụlọ ahịa mkpofu efu etolitela n'isi obodo dị na gburugburu ụwa, gụnyere New York, Vancouver, London na Los Angeles.
Ọganihu nke ụlọ ahịa ihe mkpofu efu na-adabere kpamkpam na onye ahịa.Ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe anaghị eche banyere nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-emebi emebi, na-enweghị isi - ma ha adịghị eme ya.
Na mmalite nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ, ụlọ ahịa ndị odeakwụkwọ na-azụ ahịa bụ ihe a na-emekarị tupu ahịa aghọọ "oke".Mgbe ị banyere n'ụlọ ahịa ndị a, ị na-enyefe ndepụta ịzụ ahịa gị na onye odeakwụkwọ na-anakọta ihe niile maka gị, na-atụ ihe dị ka shuga na ntụ ọka sitere na nkata.
"Laa azụ n'oge ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ akpa shuga dị kilogram 25, ị chọghị ịma onye rere ya, naanị ihe ị na-eche maka ọnụahịa kacha mma," ka John Stanton, prọfesọ nke ịzụ ahịa nri na Mahadum St. Joseph's na Philadelphia kwuru.
Ihe niile gbanwere na 1916 mgbe Clarence Saunders meghere ahịa Piggly Wiggly mbụ na Memphis, Tennessee.Iji belata ụgwọ ọrụ, ọ chụrụ ndị ọrụ ụlọ ahịa wee mepụta ụdị ihe oriri na-enye onwe ya.Ndị ahịa nwere ike iburu ụgbọ ịzụ ahịa wee họrọ ngwaahịa akwadoro na shelf dị ọcha.Ndị na-azụ ahịa ekwesịghị ichere ndị na-ere ahịa, nke na-azọpụta oge.
"Nkwakọ ngwaahịa dị ka onye na-ere ahịa," Stanton kwuru.Ugbu a ndị ode akwụkwọ anaghịzi anakọta ngwongwo maka ndị mmadụ, ngwaahịa ga-adọrọ mmasị ndị na-azụ ahịa site n'ime ka ha bụrụ obere bọọdụ mgbasa ozi."Ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị igosi ihe mere ị ga-eji zụta shuga anyị abụghị ụdị ndị ọzọ," ka o kwuru.
Nkwakọ ngwaahịa dakọtara na-adị tupu ụlọ ahịa ihe nri nke onwe, mana mgbe Saunders webatara Piggly Wiggly, ụlọ ọrụ gbagoro mbọ ha ime ka nkwakọ ngwaahịa ha pụta ìhè.Stanton na-ehota kuki dịka ọmụmaatụ.Kuki dị mfe ugbu a chọrọ nkwakọ ngwaahịa abụọ: otu ka ọ na-eche gị na otu iji kpọsaa n'onwe ya.
Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ manyere ndị na-emepụta ihe imezi nkwakọ ngwaahịa ha.Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ọha na onye mmebe eserese Corey Bernath na-akọwa na n'oge agha ahụ, gọọmentị etiti kpaliri ndị nrụpụta ka ha mepụta nri na-adịgide adịgide nke enwere ike ibuga ndị agha n'ụba.Mgbe agha ahụ gachara, ụlọ ọrụ ndị a gara n'ihu na-emepụta ngwaahịa ndị a ma weghachite ha maka ahịa ndị nkịtị.
"Ọ dị mma maka azụmahịa, ha dị njikere ịmepụta ihe a.Ị na-ere ere ma tinyeghachi ya, yana voila, ị nwere cheese na nri abalị TV, "Burnett kwuru.
Ndị na-emepụta nri na-elekwasị anya na ntinye na arụmọrụ.Igwe rọba dị arọ na nke na-adịgide adịgide na-enyere ha aka imezu ebumnuche ndị a.Bernat na-atụ aka na ntụnyere n'etiti iko na karama plastik sitere na 1960 na 1970.Tupu ọbịbịa nke plastik, ahịa ahụ gbara ndị ahịa ume ka ha weghachi karama iko ma kwụọ ụgwọ nkwụnye ego ka ndị na-emepụta nwere ike iji ha mee ihe ọzọ.Ọ na-ewe oge na ihe onwunwe, nke mere na ndị na-agba mmiri na-atụgharị na rọba, nke na-adịghị agbaji dị ka ugegbe ma dị ọkụ.Ndị na-eri ihe n'etiti narị afọ nke iri abụọ hụrụ plastik n'anya.Ha bụ eziokwu nke akụkọ ifo sayensị, ihe ịrịba ama nke ịdị irè na ọgbara ọhụrụ nke ngwa agha.
"Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ndị mmadụ chere na nri mkpọ dị ọcha karịa nri ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ nke oyi kpọnwụrụ.N'oge ahụ, ndị mmadụ jikọtara ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, "Burnett kwuru.Nnukwu ụlọ ahịa na-amalite ịkwakọ nri na rọba iji soro ngwaahịa ndị emegharịrị.
Azụmahịa na-akwado oriri plastik.“Anyị na-ejibu ihe eme ihe ọzọ, mana ụlọ ọrụ agbanweela nke ahụ.Ihe niile enwere ike iwepụ bụ maka gị ma ị nwere ike ịtụfu ya n'echeghị echiche banyere ya, "Burnett kwuru.
Sustain LA's Campbell kwuru, "Enwere ụkpụrụ ole na ole na-eme ka ndị na-emepụta ihe nwee ụgwọ maka njedebe nke ngwaahịa ha."
Na United States, obodo nwere ibu ọrụ ka ukwuu maka ịmepụta na itinye ego na mmemme imegharị ihe ha.Akụkụ nke ego a sitere n'aka ndị na-atụ ụtụ isi, akụkụ sitere na ire ihe ejigharịgharị.
Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị America na-enweta ụdị mmemme imegharị ihe, ma ọ bụ nkwụsị n'akụkụ, nkwụsịtụ, ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke ha abụọ, ọtụtụ n'ime anyị na-eme ọtụtụ "ịnya igwe chọrọ."Ọ bụrụ na anyị chere na enwere ike ịmegharị ya, anyị na-atụba ya na blọọkụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ.
N'ụzọ dị mwute, imegharị ihe adịghị mfe otú ahụ.Akpa ngwa nri rọba, ebe a na-emegharị ya na teknụzụ, na-egbochi akụrụngwa eji emegharị ihe ịrụ ọrụ ha.A na-enwekarị ihe nri furu efu na-enwekarị ihe ndị a na-ewepụ ihe na igbe pizza na-amị mkpụrụ nke a na-agaghị emezigharị.
Ndị na-emepụta ihe anaghị ekwe nkwa na nkwakọ ngwaahịa ha na-emepụta nwere ike ịmegharị, Hoover kwuru.Were, dịka ọmụmaatụ, otu igbe ihe ọṅụṅụ.Hoover na-ekwu na a na-emekarị ya site na ngwakọta nke akwụkwọ, aluminum, plastic na gluu.N'usoro iwu, ọtụtụ n'ime ihe a nwere ike megharịa."Mana ọ bụ n'ezie nrọ imegharị ihe," Hoover kwuru.
Ngwaahịa ndị sitere na ihe ngwakọta dị iche iche na-esiri ike ịhazi n'ọtụtụ buru ibu.Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe ndị sitere n'otu ụdị rọba, dị ka karama soda na yogọt, a pụghị ịmegharị ha ọnụ.
Hoover kwuru, "Enwere ike ịgbanye karama na yogọt containers nwere ike ịkpụzi, nke ga-agbanwe ebe agbaze ha," Hoover kwuru.
Iji mee ka okwu sie ike karị, China, bụ́ nke e megharịrị ihe dị ka ọkara nke ihe mkpofu n'ụwa, anaghịzi anabata ọtụtụ ihe mkpofu obodo anyị.N'afọ 2017, China kwupụtara iwebata mmachi na oke mkpofu ewepụtara.Na Jenụwarị 2018, China machibidoro ibubata ọtụtụ ụdị plastik na akwụkwọ, na ihe eji emegharịgharị ga-enwerịrị ụkpụrụ mmetọ siri ike.
"Anyị enweghị ọkwa mmetọ ahụ dị ala na sistemụ anyị," Hoover kwuru.N'ihi na nkezi ihe ndị America na-emegharịgharị na-abanye n'otu nnukwu efere, ọkụ na-ekpokarị ọkụ n'akwụkwọ dị oké ọnụ ahịa nke na-anọdụ n'akụkụ igbe ndị ahụ na-enu mmanụ.O siri ike imezu ụkpụrụ ndị ahụ.”
Kama nke ahụ, a ga-ezigara ihe ndị ezigara China ozugbo na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa, chekwaa ya n'ebe nchekwa, ma ọ bụ ziga ya na mba ndị ọzọ (ikekwe Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia).Ọbụna ụfọdụ n'ime mba ndị a, dị ka Malaysia, na-eju afọ na nsonaazụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke mkpofu na-adịghị agwụ agwụ ma malite ịsị mba.Ka anyị na-akwalite akụrụngwa imegharị ihe n'ụlọ anyị na nzaghachi mmachibido iwu China, anyị na-eche ajụjụ a: kedu ka anyị ga-esi kwụsị imepụta oke mkpofu?
Campbell na ezinụlọ ya anọwo na-ebi ndụ efu ruo afọ iri.Ọ dị mfe ikpochapụ mkpụrụ osisi rọba dị ala, nke a na-eji otu eme ihe dị ka akpa ịzụ ahịa, karama mmiri na arịa ewepụtara, ka o kwuru.Ihe ịma aka bụ iji dochie ihe ndị dị n'ụlọ dịka ncha akwa, ncha ntutu na deodorant n'ime akpa rọba na-adịgide adịgide.
“Igwe ahụ n'onwe ya ka bụ akpa bara uru nke na-adịgide adịgide.Ọ bụghị ihe ezi uche dị na ya ịtụfu ya ọtụtụ mgbe,” ka o kwuru.Sustain LA mụrụ.
Campbell kwuru na ijigharị ya dị oke mkpa maka mkpofu efu.Igwe akwa akwa akwa nwere ike ọ gaghị adị ka Instagram-kwesịrị ka arịa iko mara mma, mana site na ijikwa na mejupụta nnukwu behemoth a, ị nwere ike chebe ya pụọ na mmiri mkpofu.Ọbụlagodi na usoro ịmegharị usoro a site na nzọụkwụ, ị ka nwere ike igbochi ihe eji eme otu ya ka ọ ghara ịbanye na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa.
Daniel Riley nke Riley's General Store, nke na-enweghị ụlọ ahịa brik na ngwa agha ma na-enye nnyefe na ndagwurugwu San Gabriel, ghọtara mkpa ọ dị ịkwaga na efu efu.
“Anyị na-ebi ndụ na-ekwo ekwo, anyị ekwesịghịkwa itinye ihe mkpofu anyị n’ime ite ugegbe ná ngwụcha afọ.Ndị ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị ịza ajụjụ maka ime nkwakọ ngwaahịa na-adịgide adịgide, "Riley kwuru.
Ruo mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-elekwasị anya na njuputa maka ụlọ na-adigide ngwaahịa na nlekọta onwe onye.
O kwuru, "Ebumnobi m bụ ịnye ihe mgbakwunye ọnụ ọnụ ma were ụzọ ezi uche were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were were weta ihe mkpirisi ndị dị ọnụ ala bụ inye ihe mgbakwunye dị ọnụ ala nke ndị mmadụ n'ebe m chọrọ n'ezie," ka o kwuru.
Maka ụlọ ahịa Riley's General, bụ nke mere emume ncheta mbụ ya na Nọvemba, mkpọchi mkpọchi na March kwalitere ọchịchọ ndị ahịa, ọkachasị maka ncha akwa na ncha.
Riley kwuru, sị, "Ọ bụ ihe ịga nke ọma n'ihi na nnyefe m enweghịzi kọntaktị, na-agbakwunye na ọ naghị akwụ ụgwọ maka nnyefe ugbu a.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-03-2023